Galvanic cell.



UNITED s'rArns PATENT I @FMQE,

ALBRECHT HEIL OF FRANKFORT-ON-THE MAIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO CONRADHUBER/I AND SAMUEL STERN, BOTH OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

GALVANIC CELL.

mosaic.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patent-ed June 10,1913.

Application filed September 22, 1910. Serial No. 583,163.

T '0 all whom it may] concern Be it known that I, ALBRECHT H'EIL, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, and resident of Frankfort on the MainGermany, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Galvani cCells, of which the following is a specification.

'My invention relates to galvanic or voltaic ceI ls, and particularly tothose in which a. liquid electrolyte is employed, commonly known as wet.cells.

My invention has for alrobject to prouide novel and simple means forholding and supporting the electrodes in concentric relation to eachother and in the cell so that'tbey will i be maintained a constantdistance apart throughout their surfaces, and also to insure a treecirculation of the electrolyte.

Another and a general object of my invention is to produce a very muchhigher amper-age than has heretofore been possible.

()iher objects and advantages of my intion will appear from thefollowing descripmon.

i shall now describe my invention with reference to the accompanyingdrawings and shall thereafter point out my invention in claims.

Figure 1 is a vertical central section of a cell embodying myimprovements. Fig. l is a l'rn-izontai section of the same taken on line2- 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. Sis a plan view of the same. Fig. 1 is a detail inelevation of one of the larger projections in the containing vessel.

My invention isshown and will be described as embodied in a cell of theLeclanche type, though it is applicable to various kinds of voltaiccells.

In the illustrated ei'nbodiinent of my invention, I employ a containingvessel or jar 11 of suitable material, preferably glass or othervitreous material. The vessel is shown as made square in cross-section,and formed at its upper end with a-slightly restricted cylindrical neckportion 12. The zinc or positive electrode is made in the form of ahollow cylinder 18 of a diameter slightly smaller than that of the neckportion 12 of the casing, and the carbon or negative electrode is acylindrical stick of carbon 14 situated within the zinc electrode, andextending axially thereof and held substantially concentricallytherewith. To hold the zinc electrode 13 concentrically in the vessel orjar 11 the vessel is provided on the inside of its rectangular portionwith an upper and lower series of projections 15 and 16, which extendinward to and bear against the zinc electrode and are 01? the properlength to hold it centrally. The upper series 15 are in a horizontalplane located near the top of the rectangular portion of the vessel andthe lower series 16 are in a horizontal plane well. down toward thebottom. Each series is shown as consisting of four projections, one oneach sidewali of the vessel. As a base support for the zinc electrode,and also as centering means for the carbon electrode 14, a third seriesof projections 17 are formed below the lower series 16. The series 1?correspond in number, and the projections are in a vertical line withthose of the other two series, but are longer than the projections ofthe other two series,'an( l the zinc electrode rests with its bottom onthe top of the pro ections 17, the top of the proections being made[latter this purpose.

Thus the zinc electrode is ipporied clear of the bottom of the vessel.and the supports and centering pro ections are merely points. so thatthere is a free circulation of the. electrolyte about the zincelectrode. About the carbon elctrode 11 is a mass of suitabledepolarizing material 15), contained inn bag; 20. which is secured onthe elec trode by a winding or cord or string 21, and is insulated fromthe Zinc electrode 13 by bead-like insulating spacers 21, strung on acord and tied about-the bag of depolarizing material near the top, asshown, The arbon electrode is supported centrally of the vessel 11 andof the zinc electrode 13 by the lowest seriesof projections 17, whichnot only serve as the base supports for the zinc electrode, but extendin against the bag of depolarizing material, and are of the broperlengthto center the urban. The bottom of the vessel 11 is raised, as shown,and is also provided with a central hollow depression to assist incentering the carbon. The vessel is provided with a suitable cap 23 forclosing it, and to further providi' for centering the carbon, this caphas a central opening through which the carbon extends a slightdistance, theend of the carbon being provided with a metalliccap 2st anda suitable binding post for attaching an electrical conductor. The zincelectrode has a connecting strip of zinc 25 attached to it which extendsup to the top of the vessel. 11, and the cap 23 has an openingtherethrough for the entrance of an electrical conductor 26, which maybe electrically connected to the contact strip 25 in any suitable way.The elctrolyte 27 is the usual sal ammoniac solution. I

As a means for materially increasing the eiliciency of the cell, I alsomake my improved. cell considerably longer than has heretofore beenconsidered possible. It is well known that in zinccarbon cells, thecarbon electrode and the depolarizing mass, together known as thedepolarizing elect-rod e, have been restricted to a certain fixeddiameter, approximately three to four inches; and hitherto the length ofthe cell,

and hence of the depolarizing electrode, has

- been limited to about twice the diameter of the depolarizingelectrode; I have discovered, however, that by increasing the length ofthe cell to three, four, and even more times its transverse dimension,when the depolarizing elect-rode has but slightly smaller transversedimension than the vcs sel, the internal resistance is not increasedand. the amperage of the cell is much in- It is obvious that variousmodifications may be made in the construction shown and aboveparticularly described within the principle and scope of my invention.

I claim: Y 1. In a galvanic cell, in combination, an electrodefa,containing vessel and a plurality of centering project-ions on theinner" face of the vessel disposed in a plurality of transverse planesand adapted to hold the electrode substantially concentrically of thevessel at a plurality, of separate smallcontact'areas about theelectrode and at a plu rality of small contact areas along thelength .ofthe electrode;

2. In a galva'nlc cell, in combination, .a cylindrical electrode, a;containing vessel, a

inner face of the vessel arranged to hold the electrode substantiallyconcentrically of the vessel, and a relatively larger projection on theinner face of the vessel located below the centering projections, thecylindrical electrode being adapted to be supported with its bottom onthe larger projection.

8. In a galvanic cell, in combination, a cylindrical electrode, acontaining vessel, a plurality of centering projections on the innerface of the vessel arranged to hold the electrodesubstantiallyconcentrically of the vessel, and a plurality of relatively largerprojections on the inner face of the vessel, located'in a planesubstantially at right angles to the axis of the vessel and below thecentering projections and arranged to sup-- port the electrode. 1

4. Ina galvanic cell, in combination, a eylindricalelectrode, acontaining vessel and a plurality of centering projections on the innerface of the vessel arranged in an upper and lower series and providing aplurality of separate small areas of contact about 1 the electrode ineach series and adapted to hold the electrode substantiallyconcentrically of the vessel.

5. In a galvanic cell, in combination with a containing vessel, having acentral depression in its bottom, a hollow cylindrical positiveelect-rode, a negative electrode adapted to be situated interiorly ofthe positive clectrode and to rest with its lower end in the depressionin the bottom of the vessel, and a plurality of projections on the innerface of the containing vessel arranged transversely of the axis of, thevessel so as to provide a plurality of separate small areas of contactadapted to hold the positive electrode concentrically, of the negativeelectrode.

6. In a galvanic cell, in combination with a containing vessel, having acentral depression in its bottom, a hollow cylindrical posi tiveelectrode, a negativeelectrode adapted to be situated interiorl-y of thepositive electrode and torest with its lower end in the depression" inthe bottom of the vessel, plurality of projections on the inner face ofthe containing vessel arran ed to hold the positiveelectrodeconcentrically of the vessel, and aplurality of relatively largerprojections onthe inner face of the yessel located in a"plane substantially at right angles to the axis of the vessel nag bjelow thecentering-'projections and adapted to support the cylindrical electrode.

7."'Ina,galvanic cell, in combination with a containing vessel having acentral depres- "sion in its bottom, an electrode adapted to rest withits lower end in the depression in the bottom of the vessel, and aplurality of i ,project'ions -on the inner face of the vessel arrangedto engage the electrode and hold it plurality of centering; projectionson thol substantially concentrically of the vessel with its lower end inthe depression in the bottom of the vessel.

S. In a galvanic cell, in combination with a containing vessel, a hollowcylindrical positive electrode, a negative electrode situated intcriorlyof the positive electrode, a lurality oi. centering projections on theinner lace ol the vessel for the positive elec tr de, and a plurality ofrelatively larger ie-ejection; on he inner face of the vessel locatedbelow tire first nannd pro --ticns and arranged. "a hold the negativeGltttlOClQ substantially comrcntrically of the positive electrode and tosupport the positive electrode.

E). In a galvanic cell, in combination with containing vessel having acentral depression in its bottom, a hollow cylindrical zinc electrode, acarbon electrode situated interiorly of the zinc electrode and adaptedto rest with its lower end in the depression in the bottom of thevessel, a mass of depolar- .izing material suitably secured about thecarbon electrode, a plurality of centering projections on the inner faceof the vessel for the zinc electrode, and a plurality of largerprojections on the inner facect' the vessel located below the firstnamed projections and arranged to hold the carbon electrodesubstantially concentrically of the zinc electrode and to support thezinc electrode.

10.In a wet galvanic celldin combination with a suitable containingvessel composed of vitreous material and having a central depression inits bottom, a hollow cylindrical zinc electrode, a carbon electrodesituated interiorly of the Zinc electrode and adapted to rest with itslower cnd in the depression in the bottom of the vessel, a plurality ofcenteringprojections formed in the vessel and extending inwardly andengaging the zinc electrode, and a plurality of larger projectionssimilarlv formed in the vessel and arranged to hold the carbon electrodesubstantially concentrically of the zinc electrode and to support thezinc electrode.

11. In a wet galvanic cell, in combination with a suitable containingvessel composed of itreous material and having a central dcpressi iin inits bottom, a hollow cylindrical zinc electrode, a carbon electrodesituated intcriorlv of the Zinc electrodr and adapted to rest with itslower end in the depressions in the botloiuot the vessel, a mass i2"depolarizing material suitably supported about the carbon electrode, aplurality of center Fug projections formed in the vessel ainl-cxtijzul-Eng inwardly ard engaging the Zinc electrode. and a plurality of largerprojections formed in the vessel and extending inwardly to hedepolarizing mas anti z' rrangcd to lzold the carbon electrode in thebottom of the vessel and to soi ip rl the zinc electrode.

l). in a wet galvanic cell, in combination with a suitable containingvessel composed of vitreous material and having a central depression. inits bottom and a cap having a central opening therein, a hollowcylindrical zinc electrode, a carbon electrode situated in teriorly ofthe zinc electrode and adapted to rest with its lower end in thedepression in the bottom of the vessel and to extend with its upper endthrough the opening in the cap, a mass of depolarizing material suitablysupported about the carbon electrode, a plurality of centeringprojections formed in the vessel and extending inwardly and engaging thezinc electrode and a plurality of larger projections formed in thevessel and extending inwardly to the depolarizing mass, and arranged tohold the carbon electrode in the depression in the bottom of the vesseland to support the zinc electrode.

13. A wet galvanic cell, comprising, in combination with a rectangularcontaining.

vessel composed of vitreous material and having a restricted cylindricalneck portion and a central hollow depression in itsbottour, a cap forthe vessel havinga' central opening therein, and a suitable electrolyte,

a hollow zinc'elcctrode, a carbon elect-rode disposed interiorly of thezinc electrode and arranged to extend with its upper end throughlheopening in the cap and to rest with its lower end in the hollowdepression in the bottom of the vessel, a mass of depolarizing materialsuitably supported about the carbon electrode, a plurality of centeringproj ections formed in the vessel and adapted to engage the Zincelectrode, and a plurality of larger projections formed in the vessel inthe plane below the first named projections and extending inwardly tothe depolarizing mass and arranged to hold the carbon electrode with itsbottom in the hollow depression in the bottom of the vessel and tosupport the zinc electrode.

let. A wet galvanic cell comprising, in combination with a suitableelectrolyte, a containing vessel having a plurality of electrodecentering projections in its vertical walls and a. central hollowdepression in its bottom, a negative electroderesting in the hollowdepression in the bottom of the vessel and extending axially the fulllength of the vessel, and a positive electrode substantially surroundingthe negative electrode, the elec trodes being held substantiallyconcentrically of each. other b y the electrode-centering projections. 1

15. A wet galvanic cell comprising. in combination with a suitableelectrol to. a contaiui 'ig essel of a length exceeding twice itstransverse dimensions and having aplu-v rarity of electrode-centerin'5projections in its vertical walls and a central hollow (le pressio: inits bottom. a negative electrode resting in the hollow depression in thehottom of the vessel and extending axially the name to thisspecification in the presence of full length of the vessel, and apositive electwo subscribing witnesses. trode substantially surroundingthe negative 1 electrode, the electrodes being held substan- ALBRECHTHEIL' i tially concentrically of the vessel by the Witnesses:

electrode-centering projections, FRANZ I'IASSLAOHER,

In testimony whereof I have signed my ERWIN DIPPEL.

